Gadah A. Alshahwan, Anas M.Alomair, Nawaf A. Almndil, Abdullah F. Al Khars, Ashjan S. Akram, Abdulaziz L. Alkorbi, Mohamed A. Alsehly, Hatim A. Alshaikh, Faisal K. Alabdali, Abdulrahamn M. Alshehri

Abstract

Background: Achilles tendon rupture (AT) is considered a subversive injury for the young athletes since its full recovery takes12 months. In addition to this, there is escalation in the risk of re-injury of the same tendon. Objective: In this review, we aim to assess and evaluate Achilles tendon rupture mechanism of injury, and its diagnosis and management published in the current literature. Method: A comprehensive search was done using biomedical databases including Medline, and PubMed, for studies concerned with evaluation of Achilles Tendon Rupture published in English language. Keywords used in our search through the databases were “Achilles Tendon Rupture Mechanism and Pathophysiology”, “Achilles Tendon Rupture Management”, and “Achilles Tendon Rupture Diagnosis”. Conclusion: The incidence of Achilles tendon rapture among athletes is common and increasing. Determining the best management option is still controversy among orthopedic surgeons. Open surgery is associated with the lowest rates of re- rupture incidence, but increase risk of other complications. Percutaneous repair was found to have a low complications rate in comparison to open surgery, but it is associated with increased risk of sural nerve injury. The recent studies have clearly demonstrated the effectiveness of functional rehabilitation techniques, with biotherapy as potential future for development.