Ahmed Alsolami

Abstract

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) continues to be a pervasive gastrointestinal disorder affecting millions worldwide, imposing a significant burden on healthcare systems and impacting the quality of life for those afflicted. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of IBS by exploring its epidemiology, detailing its complex pathophysiology, and examining contemporary therapeutic approaches. The paper discusses the prevalence and demographic factors associated with IBS, highlighting its global impact. Moving into the realm of pathophysiology, we delve into the multifactorial causes that contribute to the disorder, including altered gut microbiota, psychosocial factors, and gut-brain axis dysregulation. Finally, the review focuses on existing and emerging treatment modalities, from dietary adjustments and pharmacological interventions to psychological therapies. Particular attention is paid to groundbreaking medications like Eluxadoline, Tenapanor, Asimadoline, Linaclotide, and Plecanatide, which have the potential to revolutionize IBS management. Through this review, we seek to consolidate current knowledge on IBS and present avenues for future research and treatment innovation.