Written by Tetiana Zhytnik
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
The purpose of the study is to check the HIV awareness of the first-year university students in Melitopol, Ukraine experimentally to substantiate its importance (particularly about the way of its transmission and prevention) as a health-preserving factor. The study was conducted among the first-year university students in Melitopol, Ukraine. A total of 163 students (42 male and 121 female) participated in the survey in order to ascertain the students’ HIV awareness and develop particular m
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Written by Zeinab Amini Moghaddam
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
In this study, the feasibility, validity, reliability, and normality of social style scales are ‎ investigated among the employees of Regional Electricity Company of Tehran. In this ‎ exploratory study, a descriptive method was used. The sample size was 350 people (194 ‎ males and 156 females), which were selected using a random sampling method. The social ‎ style scale pointed based on a 4-point Likert scale containing 30 items. The reliability of the ‎ questionnaire was det
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Written by Waleed Alhuzaim
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
Background: Colorectal cancer is a common type of cancer in Saudi Arabia and globally. Timely screening is needed to improved treatment outcomes. The success of colorectal cancer (CRC) depends on the compliance by the targeted population. The aim of this study is to determine how patients’ knowledge, beliefs, behavior, self-efficacy, and barriers affect CRC screening. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. A total of 925 patients were recruited as participants from
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Written by Gadah A. Alshahwan
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
Background: Achilles tendon rupture (AT) is considered a subversive injury for the young athletes since its full recovery takes12 months. In addition to this, there is escalation in the risk of re-injury of the same tendon. Objective: In this review, we aim to assess and evaluate Achilles tendon rupture mechanism of injury, and its diagnosis and management published in the current literature. Method: A comprehensive search was done using biomedical databases including Medline, and PubMed, for st
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Written by Hala M. Al-Moaigel
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
Background: The aim of this study is to estimate the incidence and prognosis of PIGN in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively collected the data of all subjects who were diagnosed and got admitted with PIGN in King Fahd hospital, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia, reviewed and approved by Institutional Review Board at Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University. Result: Fifteen subjects were identified with PIGN during the study period (2009-2018). All subjects were Saudi.
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Written by Ibrahim Bin Abdullah
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
Background: Acute back pain is any pain located at the back that lasts for less than 4 weeks duration. The prevalence is fair with as many as 84% of the adult population around the globe experience back pain at some point in life and is often self-limiting. However, in few selected patients it may serve as indicator of a serious underlying disease making it crucial to properly evaluate, characterize and address this concern. Objectives: In this review we intend to explore the prevalence, risk fa
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Written by Ibrahim A. Bin Ahmed
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
Background: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is in the midst of a diabetes mellitus (DM) epidemic whose origins can be traced to (a) the widespread adoption of the Western diet that is high in sugar, (b) an increase in sedentary activity, and (c) ignorance of the importance of DM. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to quantify various aspects of (a) knowledge, (b) attitudes, and (c) practice relating to DM. Methods: The three research questions addressed in this study were: (1) Is there an
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Written by Israa M. Shoushou
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
Background: Metabolic syndrome includes atherogenic dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance. This complex of metabolic abnormalities is a risk factor for DM2, stroke, adverse cardiac events, and hepatic necrosis. In the last few years, studies showed a significant high prevalence of this syndrome among Saudi males. Central visceral adiposity is thought to be the primary trigger of most pathogenic events involved in the advent of the syndrome. Objectives: In thi
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Written by Bayan I. Alaradi
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
Background: Infective endocarditis (IE) is a microbial (usually bacteria) infection affecting the heart tissue or the adjacent vascular endothelium. The blood-circulating microbes usually need to be available in a certain inoculum to allow invasion and thus infect the heart. Moreover, if the valve annulus is affected, the infection will spread into the extravascular areas. The main causative agents in IE are bacteria; however, other causes such as fungi are still a possibility in many cases. The
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Written by Ibrahim Bin Ahmed
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
Purpose: Diabetes retinopathy (DR) is one of the fatal causes of permanent and irreversible blindness infection that is prevalent making individuals suffer from diabetic conditions; however, annual medical examination is a critical interventional approach that not only limits the extent of infection but aids in timely formulation of relevant mitigation strategies and control of DR. Common to other healthcare systems in advance economies, the primary care physicians (PCP) are the immediate
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Written by Noura Mesned Almutairi
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
Background: Liver trauma is one of the most common affected organs in blunt abdominal trauma. It is associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, choosing the best modality for diagnosis and managing such high-risk patients is crucial. Objectives: In this study, we aim to review the literature focused on mechanism of liver trauma, pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis, and management with a focus on surgical approach. Methodology: PubMed database was used for articles sel
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Written by Aref Alruwaili
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
Background: Postoperative adhesions which are defined as the abdominal fibrous connections that develop between the organs and the peritoneum as a result of surgical trauma are a significant clinical problem. Studies are yet to understand the mechanisms of adhesions; however, most studies have reported that they involve disruption of the mesothelial surface with subsequent signaling processes of inflammation and fibrinocoagulation. Methods:124 surgeons from 57 hospitals in Riyadh, Jeddah,
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Written by Asmaa I. Alismail
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
Background: Hypertension is one of the most common diseases nowadays. It affects about 25% of the adult global population and can lead to highly morbid cardiovascular or cerebrovascular complications. However, when recognized early, appropriate lifestyle-related measures and occasionally pharmacologic interventions can help greatly reduce its risks. Objective: In this study, we aim to provide summarized, yet comprehensive review paper focusing on diagnosis and management of hypertension. Methods
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Written by Zainah N. Alqahtani
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) despite being the most common type of sleep disorder, may present a myriad of clinical features, ranging from simple fatigue and lack of concentration to per-sonality changes and heart diseases. The association between the genetic, physiological built, so-cial status, and behaviour plays the major role in disease risk factors diagnosis and management plans. The most often used treatment method of OSA is Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) aimed at
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Written by Aisha N. Alqahtani
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
Background: Anaphylaxis is the most severe form of an allergic reaction. The incidence rate of anaphylaxis enhanced during the last decade. Death may happen in fatal anaphylactic shocks within minutes of the reaction. Hence, it is needed to highlight the significance of effective emergency management. Objective: In this investigation, we aimed to discuss the important aspects of anaphylaxis shock diagnosis and management in the emergency room. Method: PubMed database was used for article selecti
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Written by Yazeed A. Turkistani
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
Background: The risk of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) has been accepted lately by medical literature and practice since it is the third leading cause of acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients. Different measures in practice are being used to prevent the incidence of CI-AKI. Objective: In this review, we aimed to discuss the different methods of prevention of CI-AKI mentioned in the literature. Methods: A comprehensive search was done using biomedical databases including Med
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Written by Aroob L.Almuqati
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
Background: Hypertension is a prevalent disease in many countries, either developing alone as essential hypertension or passing as co-morbid in atherosclerotic diseases and fibrodysplasia. Hypertension has a variable presentation, with most patients being asymptomatic; clinical signs do occur, such as headaches, and should alert the physician to the possibility of advanced disease or uncontrolled blood pressure. Methods: PubMed database was used for articles selection, and the following keywords
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Written by Ibrahim A. Bin Ahmed
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
Objective: This study is aimed at investigating the knowledge, practice and attitude of the patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus regarding diabetic retinopathy in Saudi Arabia. Introduction: Diabetes self-management is defined as a crucial factor in patients’ care. Many studies show that the lack of sufficient knowledge, good practice, and positive attitude among the patients concerning their disease and its complications is due to illiteracy. Therefore, presenting knowledge, practices,
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Written by Abdullah Alzaid
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
A lot of experiments have been carried out in Saudi Arabia concerning the misuse of antibiotics and buying them without being prescribed by a doctor. However, despite all these studies, a few or none of them have appraised the parental awareness, practices and attitude toward the use of antibiotics in the treatment of URTIs in their children. As such, the objective of this experiment was to document and analyze the parental levels of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding the use fo
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Written by Serap Karaderi
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
In the present work, binary complexes of Copper(II), Cadmium(II) and Zinc(II) with metformin hydrochloride have been studied potentiometrically. Stability constants of binary complex systems have been estimated by the method proposed by Irving-Rossotti at 25ºC and 0.11M ionic strength (NaClO4) in aqueous solution. The conditional formation constants of the complexes formed between ligand and metal were calculated according to pH function. The maximum values of the conditional formation cons
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Written by Hala A. H. Khattab
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
Diabetes (DM) is one of the top five causes of death worldwide. Controlling glucose level is vital for protecting the complications and improving the diabetics’ health. Olive (Olea europaea L.) leave extract (OLE) contains biologically active antioxidant phenolic compounds. This research was carried out to evaluate the effect of OLE on oxidative status and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in DM rats. Male Wister rats (n=40, 200 ± 20 g) were divided into Group (1); Control rats
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Written by Mohammed Ali Alshehri
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
Abstract: Molecular techniques for the detection of organisms, such as algae species in aquatic environments, have become the most attractive tools for typical laboratory approaches. These techniques provide more accurate and faster ways of identifying species compared to conventional methods based on microscopic counting and culture tools. The techniques of molecular biology are mostly used when numerous algal species that are present in very low amounts require identification. These tools use
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Written by Fahad D. Algahtani
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
This study was conducted to determine the healthy lifestyle behaviors of students of the University of Ha'il in using various variables. This descriptive-analytical investigation is made out of 335 students from the University of Ha'il, Saudi Arabia and included information about lifestyle patterns in terms of age, sex, BMI, study field and year of study. About 33.8% of university students followed unhealthy eating patterns and there was no difference concerning their eating habits. Stud
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Written by Kholoud Alawy Ghamri
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
Objective: To evaluate data from a five-year period (2014-2018) regarding the presence of thyroid dysfunction and thyroid antibodies among subjects with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (pre-GDM) at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia (SA). Subjects and Methods: The present retrospective analysis was conducted from January to June 2019; it evaluated five years’ (2014-2018) data of patients with GDM and pre-GDM from the pa
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Written by Lobna A. M. Haridy
Published On Issue 1 Vol 9, 2020
Background : Juice can be considered as an important and functional ingredient in food products. Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) juice (PJ) consumption has been increased recently due to scientific evidence increase on its high content of health beneficial compounds. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the physio-chemical properties of fresh, clarified and commercial pomegranate juice (commercial PJ). Materials and Methods : Four commercially available (labeled A, B, C and D), and one hom
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